COVID-19 infection: Positive mental health, psychological vulnerability and sex: Cross-sectional study.

Since mid-March 2020, a state of emergency was decreed in Portugal due to the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, measures were implemented to protect public health, such as social isolation, which will certainly have a notable impact on the mental health of the population, especially in the most vulnerable groups. Positive Mental Health (PMH) is essential to deal with adversity, in this case with the pandemic, and to live better and with greater satisfaction. We consider it relevant to investigate how PMH was used as a resource to deal with the pandemic, depending on the level of vulnerability and sex. A, cross-sectional study was carried out whose the aim was to evaluate the levels of PMH and psychological vulnerability in people with COVOD-19 infection and analyze the association between PMH and psychological vulnerability among men and women. METHODS: The instruments used were a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire, and the Psychological Vulnerability Scale (PVS), that were sent and filled out online. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was carried out. RESULTS: After analyzing the results, it was found that approximately 50.4% of the respondents (n = 387) had global PMH values that place them in quartile 50. There was also a statistically significant difference between female and male PMH, with women showing greater psychological vulnerability and lower overall PMH. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the women present a greater psychological vulnerability and a lower level of PMH when compared to men. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Considering the study's statistically significant results, when we talk about mental health, we should always consider the sex variable as a vulnerability factor, in a pandemic or non-pandemic phase.

Eficácia da técnica de breath stacking na função respiratória em mulheres submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica / Effectiveness of the breath-stacking technique in the respiratory function of women undergoing bariatric surgery / Eficacia de la técnica de breath stacking sobre la función respiratoria en mujeres sometidas a cirugía bariátrica

Enquadramento: A cirurgia abdominal alta está associada a alta incidência de complicações pulmonares. A técnica breath stacking (BS) perspetiva-se como recurso com potencial terapêutico para a enfermagem de reabilitação. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica BS na melhoria da função respiratória. Metodologia: Estudo quasi-experimental com 36 mulheres submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica, distribuídas pelos grupos de controlo (GC) e intervenção (GI). Foram avaliadas no pré e pós-operatório as medidas capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1), pressão inspiratória máxima (PIm), pressão expiratória máxima (PEm), saturação periférica de oxigénio (SpO2) e frequência respiratória (FR). Foi aplicada a técnica BS no GI no pré e pós-operatório. Recorreu-se à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas pós-operatórias, entre o GC e o GI, na CVF ( -20,29 vs. -13,60), VEF1 (-23,05 vs. -13,38), PIm (-22,96 vs. -14,93), PEm (-14,10 vs -10,32) e FR (12,29 vs 6,45). Conclusão: A técnica de BS permitiu melhorar a função respiratória do GI e reverter as alterações previsíveis no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica.

Background: Upper abdominal surgery is associated with a high incidence of pulmonary complications. The breath-stacking (BS) technique is considered a resource with therapeutic potential for rehabilitation nursing. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the BS technique in improving the respiratory function. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study with 36 women undergoing bariatric surgery, distributed into a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). The forced vital capacity (FVC), the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), the maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), the peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the respiratory rate (RR) were evaluated in the pre and postoperative periods. The BS technique was applied to the IG in the pre and postoperative periods. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: Statistically significant postoperative differences were observed between the CG and the IG in FVC (-20.29 vs. -13.60), FEV1 (-23.05 vs. -13.38), MIP (-22.96 vs. -14.93), MEP (-14.10 vs. -10.32), and RF (12.29 vs. 6.45). Conclusion: The BS technique improved the respiratory function of the IG and reversed the predictable changes in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery.

Marco contextual: La cirugía abdominal alta se asocia con una elevada incidencia de complicaciones pulmonares. La técnica de breath stacking (BS) se considera un recurso con potencial terapéutico para la enfermería de rehabilitación. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la técnica de BS para mejorar la función respiratoria. Metodología: Estudio cuasi-experimental con 36 mujeres sometidas a cirugía bariátrica, distribuidas entre el grupo de control (GC) y el de intervención (GI). Las mediciones de la capacidad vital forzada (CVF), el volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (VEF1), la presión inspiratoria máxima (PIm), la presión espiratoria máxima (PEm), la saturación periférica de oxigeno (SpO2) y la frecuencia respiratoria (FR) se evaluaron GI que en el GC antes y después de la cirugía. La técnica BS se aplicó en el GI antes y después de la cirugía. Se utilizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias posoperatorias estadísticamente significativas entre el GC y el GI en la CVF (-20,29 frente a -13,60), VEF1 (-23,05 frente a -13,38), PIm (-22,96 frente a -14,93), PEm (-14,10 frente a -10,32) y FR (12,29 frente a 6,45). Conclusión: La técnica BS permitió mejorar la función respiratoria del GI y revertir los cambios predecibles en el posoperatorio de cirugía bariátrica.

Análise das variáveis hemodinâmicas em idosos revascularizados após mobilização precoce no leito / Analysis of Hemodynamic Variables among Elderly Revascularized Patients after Early In-Bed Mobilization

Fundamentos: Durante o pós-operatório da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM), o repouso prolongado no leito aumenta a possibilidade de ocorrer complicações sistêmicas decorrentes do imobilismo. Objetivo: Verificar o comportamento das variáveis hemodinâmicas e no pico de fluxo expiratório (peack flow) em pacientes idosos, em pós-operatório de CRM submetidos a três tipos diferentes de intervenção fisioterapêutica. Métodos: Estudados 30 idosos estratificados em três grupos: Grupo A - mobilização com cicloergômetro; Grupo B - mobilização sem uso do cicloergômetro, mas com fisioterapia e Grupo C - sem qualquer mobilização, mas com ventilação não invasiva (VNI), sendo analisados o comportamento da frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR), pressão arterial (PA), saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2) e pico de fluxo expiratório (peack flow). Para a variação dos resultados intragrupos, nas fases pré e pós-teste utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon; para a comparação intergrupos nas fases pré e pós-teste utilizou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Considerou-se significância estatística p<0,05.Resultados: Observou-se aumento significativo para os valores peack flow em todos os grupos (pré e pós-teste); redução significativa da PAS no grupo A, aumento da FC e da FR no grupo B (pré e pós-teste). Na análise intergrupos, observou-se redução da PAD no grupo C, com significado estatístico.

Background: During the post-operative phase after coronary artery bypass (CAB) surgery, prolonged bed rest increases the possibility of systemic complications resulting from immobilization. Objective: To ascertain the behavior of peak expiratory flow and hemodynamic variables among elderly patients during the CAB postoperative period undergoing three types of physiotherapy interventions. Methods: Thirty elderly patients were studied, divided into three groups: Group A - mobilization with an ergometric bicycle; Group B - mobilization without an ergometric bicycle but with physiotherapy; and Group C - no mobilization but with non-invasive ventilation, analyzing the heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2)and expiratory peak flow. The Wilcoxon test was used for variations in the intra-group results for the pre- and post-test phases, using the Kruskal-Wallis test for the inter-group comparison of the pre and post-test phases, with a statistical significance of p<0.05.Results: A significant increase was observed in the peak flow values for the three groups (pre- and post-test);with a significant reduction in the systolic blood pressure for group A and higher heart rates and respiration rates in group B. The inter-group analysis presented a statistically significant reduction in the diastolic blood pressure for group C.